GATE Syllabus for Computer Science & Information Technology - CS
ENGINEERING MATHEMATICS
Mathematical Logic: Propositional Logic; First Order Logic.
Probability: Conditional Probability; Mean, Median, Mode and Standard Deviation; Random Variables; Distributions; uniform, normal, exponential, Poisson, Binomial.
Set Theory & Algebra: Sets; Relations; Functions; Groups; Partial Orders; Lattice; Boolean Algebra.
Combinatorics: Permutations; Combinations; Counting; Summation; generating functions; recurrence relations; asymptotics.
Graph Theory: Connectivity; spanning trees; Cut vertices & edges; covering; matching; independent sets; Colouring; Planarity; Isomorphism.
Linear Algebra: Algebra of matrices, determinants, systems of linear equations, Eigen values and Eigen vectors.
Numerical Methods: LU decomposition for systems of linear equations; numerical solutions of non-linear algebraic equations by Secant, Bisection and Newton-Raphson Methods; Numerical integration by trapezoidal and Simpson's rules.
Calculus: Limit, Continuity & differentiability, Mean value Theorems, Theorems of integral calculus, evaluation of definite & improper integrals, Partial derivatives, Total derivatives, maxima & minima.
A D V E R T I S E M E N T
COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Digital Logic: Logic functions, Minimization, Design and synthesis of combinational and sequential circuits; Number representation and computer arithmetic (fixed and floating point).
Computer Organization and Architecture: Machine instructions and addressing modes, ALU and data-path, CPU control design, Memory interface, I/O interface (Interrupt and DMA mode), Instruction pipelining, Cache and main memory, Secondary storage.
Programming and Data Structures: Programming in C; Functions, Recursion, Parameter passing, Scope, Binding; Abstract data types, Arrays, Stacks, Queues, Linked Lists, Trees, Binary search trees, Binary heaps.
Algorithms: Analysis, Asymptotic notation, Notions of space and time complexity, Worst and average case analysis; Design: Greedy approach, Dynamic programming, Divide-and-conquer; Tree and graph traversals, Connected components, Spanning trees, Shortest paths; Hashing, Sorting, Searching. Asymptotic analysis (best, worst, average cases) of time and space, upper and lower bounds, Basic concepts of complexity classes - P, NP, NP-hard, NP-complete.
Theory of Computation: Regular languages and finite automata, Context free languages and Push-down automata, Recursively enumerable sets and Turing machines, Undecidability.
Compiler Design: Lexical analysis, Parsing, Syntax directed translation, Runtime environments, Intermediate and target code generation, Basics of code optimization.
Operating System: Processes, Threads, Inter-process communication, Concurrency, Synchronization, Deadlock, CPU scheduling, Memory management and virtual memory, File systems, I/O systems, Protection and security.
Databases: ER-model, Relational model (relational algebra, tuple calculus), Database design (integrity constraints, normal forms), Query languages (SQL), File structures (sequential files, indexing, B and B+ trees), Transactions and concurrency control.
Information Systems and Software Engineering: information gathering, requirement and feasibility analysis, data flow diagrams, process specifications, input/output design, process life cycle, planning and managing the project, design, coding, testing, implementation, maintenance.
Computer Networks: ISO/OSI stack, LAN technologies (Ethernet, Token ring), Flow and error control techniques, Routing algorithms, Congestion control, TCP/UDP and sockets, IP(v4), Application layer protocols (icmp, dns, smtp, pop, ftp, http); Basic concepts of hubs, switches, gateways, and routers. Network security - basic concepts of public key and private key cryptography, digital signature, firewalls.
Web technologies: HTML, XML, basic concepts of client-server computing.
OUR COLLEGE
Sunday, August 30, 2009
Tuesday, August 18, 2009
MINI PROJECTS
1. NAT
2. honeypots
3. Creation of a DMZ
4. Creation of a sniffer and a port scanner
5. GSM
6. Library Management System
7. Hotel Management System
8. Timetable generation (user will input subjects, faculty times, class room times) : User will also input subject seriality and topics to be taken for the week.
9. CD library management
10. Admission procedure
11. Online passport registeration
12. Examination result according to the classes
13. Ice cream parlour management system
14. Pizza hut - account management system
15. Multi player strategy game: Project ideas on Visual basic,Java,Database
16. You can develop a speech reponse application using some hardware interface using the Microsoft SAPI SDK
17. You can develop a Microsoft Word like application in VB ( a text editor basically)
18. You can develop a LAN administrator tool (socket programming comes easy in VB) which will monitor application on a LAN and provide functions
19. Voice Mail Systems
20. Computer Telephony Integration
2. honeypots
3. Creation of a DMZ
4. Creation of a sniffer and a port scanner
5. GSM
6. Library Management System
7. Hotel Management System
8. Timetable generation (user will input subjects, faculty times, class room times) : User will also input subject seriality and topics to be taken for the week.
9. CD library management
10. Admission procedure
11. Online passport registeration
12. Examination result according to the classes
13. Ice cream parlour management system
14. Pizza hut - account management system
15. Multi player strategy game: Project ideas on Visual basic,Java,Database
16. You can develop a speech reponse application using some hardware interface using the Microsoft SAPI SDK
17. You can develop a Microsoft Word like application in VB ( a text editor basically)
18. You can develop a LAN administrator tool (socket programming comes easy in VB) which will monitor application on a LAN and provide functions
19. Voice Mail Systems
20. Computer Telephony Integration
DDA LINE DRAWING ALGORITHM
/* DDA Line Drawing Algorithm */
#include#include #include #include
void ddaLine(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2){ float x=x1,y=y1,dx,dy; int length,i;
putpixel(x1,y1,WHITE);
if(abs(x2-x1)>=abs(y2-y1)) length=abs(x2-x1); else length=abs(y2-y1); dx=(float)(x2-x1)/length; dy=(float)(y2-y1)/length; for(i=1;i<=length;i++) { x=x+dx; y=y+dy; putpixel((int)x,(int)y,WHITE); }}
void main(){ int x1,y1,x2,y2; int gdriver = DETECT, gmode; initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
printf("Enter the starting co-ordinates: "); scanf("%d %d",&x1,&y1); printf("Enter the ending co-ordinates: "); scanf("%d %d",&x2,&y2);
ddaLine(x1,y1,x2,y2); getch();}
#include
void ddaLine(int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2){ float x=x1,y=y1,dx,dy; int length,i;
putpixel(x1,y1,WHITE);
if(abs(x2-x1)>=abs(y2-y1)) length=abs(x2-x1); else length=abs(y2-y1); dx=(float)(x2-x1)/length; dy=(float)(y2-y1)/length; for(i=1;i<=length;i++) { x=x+dx; y=y+dy; putpixel((int)x,(int)y,WHITE); }}
void main(){ int x1,y1,x2,y2; int gdriver = DETECT, gmode; initgraph(&gdriver, &gmode, "");
printf("Enter the starting co-ordinates: "); scanf("%d %d",&x1,&y1); printf("Enter the ending co-ordinates: "); scanf("%d %d",&x2,&y2);
ddaLine(x1,y1,x2,y2); getch();}
JAVA CONCEPTS
1. What is the definition of java?
Java is a high level language which helps us to develop the applications using object oriented methodologies.
2. What is the definition of class?
A class is a blue print for an object and it passes some Instructions to the JVM at runtime to create an object of that type.
OR
A class contains data and the eligible code that acts upon the data and class is a basis for encapsulation.
OR
A class is a template that defines how an object will look and behave when the object is created.
3. What is the definition of object?
An object is a software bundle that holds the data and the code that acts upon the data.
4. What are the features of java?
Architectural and neutral
Robust
Object oriented
Portable
Simple
5. What is the definition of an interface?
An interface is a contractor between service provider and service utilizer.
6. What are the differences between method signature and method prototype?
Method signature is the name of the method followed by the parameters where as method prototype is the overall method type including the return type.
7. What are the similarities between abstract class and interface?
Both can’t be instantiated.
Both can have zero or more number of abstract methods.
We can create references for both of them.
Both can participate in dynamic method dispatch.
8. What are the differences between abstract class and interface?
Abstract class can’t participate in multiple inheritance where as interfaces can participate in multiple inheritance.
Abstract classes can have both concrete methods and abstract methods where as interfaces can have only abstract methods.
Abstract classes can have constructors but interfaces can’t have constructors.
Abstract classes can have instancevariables , class variables and constants where as interfaces can have only static and final variables.
Abstract classes are used for generalization where as interfaces are used for specialization.
9. Can there bf an abstract class with no abstract methods in it?
Yes, an abstract class can have both abstract methods and concrete methods.
The class is javax.servlet.http.httpservlet
10. Can an interface be final?
No, it avoids inheritance and interfaces cannot be final.
11. What is a local , member and a class variable?
Variables declared with in a method are “LOCAL VARIABLES “.
Variables declared with in a class are “MEMBER VARIABLES”.
Variables declared with in a class are “STATIC” or “CLASS VARIABLES”.
12. what modifiers are allowed for methods in an interfaces?
Only public and abstract modifiers are allowed for methods in an interfaces.
13. Can an interface can have an inner class?
Yes
Public interface abc
{
Static int i=0;
Void dd();
Class a1
{
A1()
{
Int j;
System.out.println(“in interia”);
};
Public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println(“in interfia”);
}
}
}
14. Can we define private and protected modifiers for variables in interfaces?
No , interfaces have only public , static, final modifiers.
15. What is an externalizable?
Extrenalizable is an interface that extends serializable interface and sends data into streams in compressed format. It has 2 methods
1. writeExternal(object output out)
2. readExternal(objectinput in)
16. What are the different identifiers states of a thread?
The different identifiers of a thread are
R – running or runnable thread
S - suspended thread
CW –thread waiting on a condition variable.
MW – thread waiting on a monitor lock.
MS – thread suspended waiting on a monitor lock.
17. Can we overload main method in java?
Yes, but the main method with string args[] is called when you call the program.
Public class test1
{
Public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println(“in main method”);
}
Public static void main(string atgs[],string arg)
{
System.out.println(“in overload method”);
}
}
18. What are the different types of variables in java?
There are 3 types of variables in java. They are
1.local variables
2. static variables
3. member variables.
19. What is meant by type casting?
Type casting is a mechanism of converting the value from one data type to another data type.
20. What is meant by API?
API (Application Program Interface) is a collection of library classes and library packages and library interfaces.
21. What is the role of JVM in java?
JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is a software which converts .class files of one java program into .exe files. It is written in C-language.
22. What is meant by package?
Package is a collection of predefined classes.
23. What is the difference between .class files and .exe files?
.class files are platform independent and system independent where as .exe files are platform dependent and system dependent.
.class files consists of byte code information about the particular java program where as .exe files consists of information about the particular machine.
24. What is meant by byte code?
Byte code is a binary format of a program it is not a machine instructions.
25. What is meant by hash code?
When we are creating an object JVM will give an identity number for that object . That identity number is nothing but hash code.
26. What are the flavours of java?
The flavours of java are
1. J2SE (java 2 standard edition)
2. J2EE (java 2 enterprice edition)
3. J2ME (java 2 micro edition)
27. What is meant by object oriented?
A language is said to be object oriented if every thing is in the form of classes and objects.
28. What are the access specifiers?
Access specifiers are public, private, protected and default.
29. What are the access modifiers?
Access modifiers are abstract, final, native and static.
30. Why the java language is robust?
It provides extensive compile time checkings which was done by compiler at second time of run time checking.
Garbage collection which is responsible for allocating and deallocating the memory for objects that is java programs never suffer from memory leaks.
31. Why java language is simple language?
It does not support pointers and multiple inheritence.
Java draws its roots from C++. C++ is widely used and very popular. It is regarded as complex language with features like multiple inheritance and pointers. Java on the other hand is closure to a pure object oriented language because access to pointers and multiple inheritance are removed.
32. Why java language is architectural- neutral?
Java is both platform independent and system independent .That is it does not depends on the operating system and any systems.
33. What is meant by abstract?
Abstract is the key word which is applicable for classes and methods. We are not allowed to declare a variable as abstract.
34. What is meant by abstract methods?
If a method is declared as abstract it means we don’t know about implementation. Child classes are responsible to provide implementation for parent class abstract methods.
35. What is meant by abstract classes?
If we declare a class as abstract it means we are not allowed to create instance of that class.
If a class contains at least one abstract method we should declare the corresponding class as abstract.
An abstract class not necessary to contain abstract methods always it may contain zero or more number of abstract methods.
Abstract class reference can be created in order to point out its child class objects.
36. Can I have constructors in a abstract class?
Yes , if we are not writing a constructor in a class compiler will give a constructor for us. In a same way abstract class is also one of the normal class in a compiler view. So compiler gives us a default constructor in abstract class but JVM restricts us to create an object.
37. What are the main advantages of interfaces?
Enhancement and security are the main advantages of interfaces.
Java is a high level language which helps us to develop the applications using object oriented methodologies.
2. What is the definition of class?
A class is a blue print for an object and it passes some Instructions to the JVM at runtime to create an object of that type.
OR
A class contains data and the eligible code that acts upon the data and class is a basis for encapsulation.
OR
A class is a template that defines how an object will look and behave when the object is created.
3. What is the definition of object?
An object is a software bundle that holds the data and the code that acts upon the data.
4. What are the features of java?
Architectural and neutral
Robust
Object oriented
Portable
Simple
5. What is the definition of an interface?
An interface is a contractor between service provider and service utilizer.
6. What are the differences between method signature and method prototype?
Method signature is the name of the method followed by the parameters where as method prototype is the overall method type including the return type.
7. What are the similarities between abstract class and interface?
Both can’t be instantiated.
Both can have zero or more number of abstract methods.
We can create references for both of them.
Both can participate in dynamic method dispatch.
8. What are the differences between abstract class and interface?
Abstract class can’t participate in multiple inheritance where as interfaces can participate in multiple inheritance.
Abstract classes can have both concrete methods and abstract methods where as interfaces can have only abstract methods.
Abstract classes can have constructors but interfaces can’t have constructors.
Abstract classes can have instancevariables , class variables and constants where as interfaces can have only static and final variables.
Abstract classes are used for generalization where as interfaces are used for specialization.
9. Can there bf an abstract class with no abstract methods in it?
Yes, an abstract class can have both abstract methods and concrete methods.
The class is javax.servlet.http.httpservlet
10. Can an interface be final?
No, it avoids inheritance and interfaces cannot be final.
11. What is a local , member and a class variable?
Variables declared with in a method are “LOCAL VARIABLES “.
Variables declared with in a class are “MEMBER VARIABLES”.
Variables declared with in a class are “STATIC” or “CLASS VARIABLES”.
12. what modifiers are allowed for methods in an interfaces?
Only public and abstract modifiers are allowed for methods in an interfaces.
13. Can an interface can have an inner class?
Yes
Public interface abc
{
Static int i=0;
Void dd();
Class a1
{
A1()
{
Int j;
System.out.println(“in interia”);
};
Public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println(“in interfia”);
}
}
}
14. Can we define private and protected modifiers for variables in interfaces?
No , interfaces have only public , static, final modifiers.
15. What is an externalizable?
Extrenalizable is an interface that extends serializable interface and sends data into streams in compressed format. It has 2 methods
1. writeExternal(object output out)
2. readExternal(objectinput in)
16. What are the different identifiers states of a thread?
The different identifiers of a thread are
R – running or runnable thread
S - suspended thread
CW –thread waiting on a condition variable.
MW – thread waiting on a monitor lock.
MS – thread suspended waiting on a monitor lock.
17. Can we overload main method in java?
Yes, but the main method with string args[] is called when you call the program.
Public class test1
{
Public static void main(String args[])
{
System.out.println(“in main method”);
}
Public static void main(string atgs[],string arg)
{
System.out.println(“in overload method”);
}
}
18. What are the different types of variables in java?
There are 3 types of variables in java. They are
1.local variables
2. static variables
3. member variables.
19. What is meant by type casting?
Type casting is a mechanism of converting the value from one data type to another data type.
20. What is meant by API?
API (Application Program Interface) is a collection of library classes and library packages and library interfaces.
21. What is the role of JVM in java?
JVM (Java Virtual Machine) is a software which converts .class files of one java program into .exe files. It is written in C-language.
22. What is meant by package?
Package is a collection of predefined classes.
23. What is the difference between .class files and .exe files?
.class files are platform independent and system independent where as .exe files are platform dependent and system dependent.
.class files consists of byte code information about the particular java program where as .exe files consists of information about the particular machine.
24. What is meant by byte code?
Byte code is a binary format of a program it is not a machine instructions.
25. What is meant by hash code?
When we are creating an object JVM will give an identity number for that object . That identity number is nothing but hash code.
26. What are the flavours of java?
The flavours of java are
1. J2SE (java 2 standard edition)
2. J2EE (java 2 enterprice edition)
3. J2ME (java 2 micro edition)
27. What is meant by object oriented?
A language is said to be object oriented if every thing is in the form of classes and objects.
28. What are the access specifiers?
Access specifiers are public, private, protected and default.
29. What are the access modifiers?
Access modifiers are abstract, final, native and static.
30. Why the java language is robust?
It provides extensive compile time checkings which was done by compiler at second time of run time checking.
Garbage collection which is responsible for allocating and deallocating the memory for objects that is java programs never suffer from memory leaks.
31. Why java language is simple language?
It does not support pointers and multiple inheritence.
Java draws its roots from C++. C++ is widely used and very popular. It is regarded as complex language with features like multiple inheritance and pointers. Java on the other hand is closure to a pure object oriented language because access to pointers and multiple inheritance are removed.
32. Why java language is architectural- neutral?
Java is both platform independent and system independent .That is it does not depends on the operating system and any systems.
33. What is meant by abstract?
Abstract is the key word which is applicable for classes and methods. We are not allowed to declare a variable as abstract.
34. What is meant by abstract methods?
If a method is declared as abstract it means we don’t know about implementation. Child classes are responsible to provide implementation for parent class abstract methods.
35. What is meant by abstract classes?
If we declare a class as abstract it means we are not allowed to create instance of that class.
If a class contains at least one abstract method we should declare the corresponding class as abstract.
An abstract class not necessary to contain abstract methods always it may contain zero or more number of abstract methods.
Abstract class reference can be created in order to point out its child class objects.
36. Can I have constructors in a abstract class?
Yes , if we are not writing a constructor in a class compiler will give a constructor for us. In a same way abstract class is also one of the normal class in a compiler view. So compiler gives us a default constructor in abstract class but JVM restricts us to create an object.
37. What are the main advantages of interfaces?
Enhancement and security are the main advantages of interfaces.
Thursday, February 26, 2009
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING NOTES OF IIT KARAGPUR
CLICK ON THIS LINK AND JUST GO TO EACH MODULES
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT%20Kharagpur/Soft%20Engg/New_index1.html
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT%20Kharagpur/Soft%20Engg/New_index1.html
COPMPUTER ARCHITECHTURE NOTES OF IIT KANPUR
JUST CLICK ON LINK AND GO TO COURSE CONTENT THEN CLICK ON LECTURES
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-KANPUR/CompArchitecture/page1.htm
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-KANPUR/CompArchitecture/page1.htm
COMPUTER ORGANIZATION NOTES OF IIT GUWAHATHI
THIS LINK IS FOR COMPUTER ORGANISATION AND JUST CLICK ON EACH MODULE U WANT
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-%20Guwahati/comp_org_arc/web/index.htm
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IIT-%20Guwahati/comp_org_arc/web/index.htm
NOTES OF OPERATING SYSTEM IIT MADRAS
HEY JUST CLICK ON BELOW LINK.U WILL GET OPERATING SYSTEM NOTES OF IIT MADRAS.
JUST GO TO THE LINK AND CLICK ON EACH MODULE U WANT
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IISc-BANG/Operating%20Systems/New_index1.html
JUST GO TO THE LINK AND CLICK ON EACH MODULE U WANT
http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/courses/Webcourse-contents/IISc-BANG/Operating%20Systems/New_index1.html
Wednesday, February 25, 2009
COMPUTER ORGANIZATION QUESTION PAPERS
,Apr/May 2008COMPUTERORGANIZATION
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1.(a)Explain about IAS memory formats. (b)List various registers in a computer along withtheir purpose [8+8]
2. (a) Find the output binary number after performing the following
arithmetic operations i. 111.01 + 10.111 ii. 11.01 + 110.11 iii. 110.11 -111.01 (b) Explain about the longhand division of binaryintegers[6+10]
3.(a)Describe various Pentium data types (b)Describe various common data transfer instruction set operations.
[6+10]
4. (a) List various R3000 pipeline stages. Also explain the function of each. (b) List and describe all shift and multiply/divide instructions of
MIPS R-Series processors. [8+8]
5. (a) Differentiate between single versus two-level caches. (b) Elaborate on Pentium Cache Organization. [8+8]
6. Discuss three possible techniques for I/O operations with merits and
demerits of each. [16]
7. (a) Discuss about I/O channel architecture. (b) Discuss about I/Oaddressing in 8086. (c) Discuss the salient features of laser printer [6+6+4]
8. (a) Give a summary of arithmetic and logical operations that are
defined for the vector architecture. (b) What is cache coherence problem. Discuss about different cache
coherance approches. [8+8] .....
1. (a) Explain the purpose and merits of interrupts. (b) Draw and explain the instruction cycle with interrupts. (c) What is interrupt handler? Explain its purpose. [6+6+4]
2. (a) How subtraction is done on the binary numbers represented in one’s
complement notation give an examples. (b) What do you mean byr’s complement. [8+8]
3. NOOP instruction has no effect on the CPU state other than
incrementing the program counter. Suggest some uses of this instruction with examples. [16]
4. Elaborate on different types of registers in a register organization
[16]
5. Discuss about address translation with segmentation and paging in
the Intel Pentium [16]
6. (a) How would CPU handles multiple devices. Explain with different
techniques available (b) Discuss the characteristics of Intel 8259A interrupt controller. [8+8]
7. (a) Discuss about I/O channel architecture. (b) Discuss about I/Oaddressing in 8086. (c) Discuss the salient features of laser printer [6+6+4]
8. (a) Classify and explain different multiprocessors (b) Explain the organization of tightly coupled multiprocessor system
with a generic block diagram. [8+8] .....
1. (a) Define PCI. Explain the applications of PCI (b) Describe anyten mandatory PCI signals.[8+8]
2. Write an algorithm to substract binary numbers represented in
normalized floating point mode with base 2 for exponent [16]
3. NOOP instruction has no effect on the CPU state other than
incrementing the program counter. Suggest some uses of this instruction with examples. [16]
4. Elaborate on different types of registers in a register organization [16]
5. Give a block diagram for a 4M×8 memory using 256K×1 memory chips. [16]
6. (a) Explain about magnetic disk layout (b) Elaborate on Winchester disktrack format. [8+8]
7. (a) Explain about microinstruction format of TI 8800 (b) Explain about ALUcontrol fields of IBM 3033 microinstruction. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain the following terms. i. Read miss ii. Read hit iii. Write miss iv. Write hit (b) Discuss different approaches to vector computation [8+8] .....
1. (a) Discuss the interconnection structure design of a computer. (b) Explain various bus lines. (c) What do you mean by multiple -bus hierarchies. [8+4+4]
2. (a) Find the output binary number after performing the arithmatic
operation using 1’s complement representation. i. 111.01 + 10.111 ii. 110.11 -111.01 (b) Explain steps involved in the addition of numbers using 2’s
complement notation. [10+6]
3. Discuss about various Pentium addressing modes with algorithms [16]
4. (a) List various R3000 pipeline stages. Also explain the function of each. (b) List and describe all shift and multiply/divide instructions of
MIPS R-Series processors. [8+8]
5. (a) Discuss about address translation in paging. (b) How does page size effects storage utilization and effective memory
data-transfer rate [8+8]
6. Discuss about data organization and formatting of magnetic disk in
detail [16]
7. Discuss about horizontal and vertical instruction formats. Also
differentiate between horizontal and vertical instruction formats. [16]
8. (a) Explain different types of parallel processors. (b) What do you mean bycompound instruction? Give examples (c) Elaborate on registers of the IBM3090 vector facility. [4+6+6] .....
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1.(a)Explain about IAS memory formats. (b)List various registers in a computer along withtheir purpose [8+8]
2. (a) Find the output binary number after performing the following
arithmetic operations i. 111.01 + 10.111 ii. 11.01 + 110.11 iii. 110.11 -111.01 (b) Explain about the longhand division of binaryintegers[6+10]
3.(a)Describe various Pentium data types (b)Describe various common data transfer instruction set operations.
[6+10]
4. (a) List various R3000 pipeline stages. Also explain the function of each. (b) List and describe all shift and multiply/divide instructions of
MIPS R-Series processors. [8+8]
5. (a) Differentiate between single versus two-level caches. (b) Elaborate on Pentium Cache Organization. [8+8]
6. Discuss three possible techniques for I/O operations with merits and
demerits of each. [16]
7. (a) Discuss about I/O channel architecture. (b) Discuss about I/Oaddressing in 8086. (c) Discuss the salient features of laser printer [6+6+4]
8. (a) Give a summary of arithmetic and logical operations that are
defined for the vector architecture. (b) What is cache coherence problem. Discuss about different cache
coherance approches. [8+8] .....
1. (a) Explain the purpose and merits of interrupts. (b) Draw and explain the instruction cycle with interrupts. (c) What is interrupt handler? Explain its purpose. [6+6+4]
2. (a) How subtraction is done on the binary numbers represented in one’s
complement notation give an examples. (b) What do you mean byr’s complement. [8+8]
3. NOOP instruction has no effect on the CPU state other than
incrementing the program counter. Suggest some uses of this instruction with examples. [16]
4. Elaborate on different types of registers in a register organization
[16]
5. Discuss about address translation with segmentation and paging in
the Intel Pentium [16]
6. (a) How would CPU handles multiple devices. Explain with different
techniques available (b) Discuss the characteristics of Intel 8259A interrupt controller. [8+8]
7. (a) Discuss about I/O channel architecture. (b) Discuss about I/Oaddressing in 8086. (c) Discuss the salient features of laser printer [6+6+4]
8. (a) Classify and explain different multiprocessors (b) Explain the organization of tightly coupled multiprocessor system
with a generic block diagram. [8+8] .....
1. (a) Define PCI. Explain the applications of PCI (b) Describe anyten mandatory PCI signals.[8+8]
2. Write an algorithm to substract binary numbers represented in
normalized floating point mode with base 2 for exponent [16]
3. NOOP instruction has no effect on the CPU state other than
incrementing the program counter. Suggest some uses of this instruction with examples. [16]
4. Elaborate on different types of registers in a register organization [16]
5. Give a block diagram for a 4M×8 memory using 256K×1 memory chips. [16]
6. (a) Explain about magnetic disk layout (b) Elaborate on Winchester disktrack format. [8+8]
7. (a) Explain about microinstruction format of TI 8800 (b) Explain about ALUcontrol fields of IBM 3033 microinstruction. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain the following terms. i. Read miss ii. Read hit iii. Write miss iv. Write hit (b) Discuss different approaches to vector computation [8+8] .....
1. (a) Discuss the interconnection structure design of a computer. (b) Explain various bus lines. (c) What do you mean by multiple -bus hierarchies. [8+4+4]
2. (a) Find the output binary number after performing the arithmatic
operation using 1’s complement representation. i. 111.01 + 10.111 ii. 110.11 -111.01 (b) Explain steps involved in the addition of numbers using 2’s
complement notation. [10+6]
3. Discuss about various Pentium addressing modes with algorithms [16]
4. (a) List various R3000 pipeline stages. Also explain the function of each. (b) List and describe all shift and multiply/divide instructions of
MIPS R-Series processors. [8+8]
5. (a) Discuss about address translation in paging. (b) How does page size effects storage utilization and effective memory
data-transfer rate [8+8]
6. Discuss about data organization and formatting of magnetic disk in
detail [16]
7. Discuss about horizontal and vertical instruction formats. Also
differentiate between horizontal and vertical instruction formats. [16]
8. (a) Explain different types of parallel processors. (b) What do you mean bycompound instruction? Give examples (c) Elaborate on registers of the IBM3090 vector facility. [4+6+6] .....
OPERATING SYSTEM QUESTION PAPERS
1. Draw and explain program flow of control without and with
interrupts. [16]
2. Explain the following transitions: (a) Blocked ! Blocked/Suspended. (b) Blocked/Suspended! Ready/Suspended. (c) Ready/Suspended ! Ready. [5+5+6]
3. (a) What is a semaphore? What are the various operations defined on
it? (b) What is the difference between weaksemaphore and strong semaphore?
Explain. [8+8]
4. (a) Explain the uses of the following: i. Event Object ii. Mutex Object iii. Semaphore Object iv. Waitable timer Object. (b) Describe about mechanism used by Windows to implement
Synchronization of Critical Section objects. [8+8]
5. Explain paging scheme for memory management, discuss the paging
hardware and paging model. [16]
6. (a) Explain about the key scheduling criteria. (b) Give a detail note on short-term scheduling. [8+8]
7. (a) Explain hash file organization. (b) Discuss the address information elements ofa file directory. [8+8]
8. Write a note on: (a) Access control list of Windows 2000. (b) Standardaccess types of Windows 2000. (c) Access tokens of Windows 2000.
(d) Access maskof Windows 2000. [4+4+4+4] .....
1. Explain the basic instruction cycle with appropriate diagram. [16]
2. Explain about single threaded and multi threaded process models with
suitable diagrams. [16]
3. Give short note about the following : (a) Binary Semaphores. (b) Bounded Waiting. [8+8]
4. Explain about protection technique of critical section in LINUX. [16]
5. Explain any two techniques for structuring the page table. Discuss
with suitable examples. [16]
6. Suppose the head of a moving-head disk with 200 tracks, numbered 0
to 199, is currently servingarequest attrack143 andhasjust finished arequest
attrack125. If the queue of requests is kept in FIFO order: 86, 147, 91, 177, 94,
150, 102, 175, 130. What is the total head movement to satisfy these requests for the
following disk scheduling algorithms. (a) FCFS (b) Random (c) PRI (d) SCAN (e) SSTF (f) C-SCAN [16]
7. Explain various techniques implemented for free space management,
discuss with suitable examples. [16]
8. (a) Explain the flaws in one-way encryption of password strategy. (b) Write a briefnote on intrusion detection. [8+8] .....
1. Explain about the various memories hierarchy. [16]
2. What is a process? Explain different process states. [16]
3. Explain the solution for the critical section problem for multiple
processes. [16]
4. Explain the following LINUX Kernel concurrency mechanisms (a) Atomic Integer Operations (b) Atomic BitmapOperations. [16]
5. (a) Explain Paging hardware with translation look-aside buffer. (b) How memory protection can be accomplished in a paged environment?
Explain. [8+8]
6.
Whatisthedifferencebetweenpreemptiveandnonpreemptivescheduling?Explain an algorithm for each scheduling type. [16]
7. (a) What aretherequirementsforaninteractive,generalpurpose
filemanagement system. (b) Discuss the elements of file management. [8+8]
8. (a) Give the classification of intruders. Explain each class. (b) Comparison User-Orientedaccess control with data-oriented access
control. [8+8] .....
1. What are the various objectives and functions of Operating Systems? [16]
2. What is a process? Explain different process states. [16]
3. What the design characteristics of Message Systems are of inter
process communication and synchronization? [16]
4. Explain the following LINUX Kernel concurrency mechanisms (a) Atomic Integer Operations (b) Atomic BitmapOperations. [16]
5. Explain segmentation scheme for memory management. Give the
segmentation hardware. [16]
6. (a) Discuss about N-step-SCAN policy for disk scheduling. (b) Explain how double buffering improves the performance than a single
buffer forI/O. (c) Differentiate between logical I/O and device I/O. [6+5+5]
7. (a) Discuss the objectives for file management systems. (b) Explain the file system Architecture. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain the various password selection strategies. (b) Discuss about UNIX passwordscheme. [8+8] .....
interrupts. [16]
2. Explain the following transitions: (a) Blocked ! Blocked/Suspended. (b) Blocked/Suspended! Ready/Suspended. (c) Ready/Suspended ! Ready. [5+5+6]
3. (a) What is a semaphore? What are the various operations defined on
it? (b) What is the difference between weaksemaphore and strong semaphore?
Explain. [8+8]
4. (a) Explain the uses of the following: i. Event Object ii. Mutex Object iii. Semaphore Object iv. Waitable timer Object. (b) Describe about mechanism used by Windows to implement
Synchronization of Critical Section objects. [8+8]
5. Explain paging scheme for memory management, discuss the paging
hardware and paging model. [16]
6. (a) Explain about the key scheduling criteria. (b) Give a detail note on short-term scheduling. [8+8]
7. (a) Explain hash file organization. (b) Discuss the address information elements ofa file directory. [8+8]
8. Write a note on: (a) Access control list of Windows 2000. (b) Standardaccess types of Windows 2000. (c) Access tokens of Windows 2000.
(d) Access maskof Windows 2000. [4+4+4+4] .....
1. Explain the basic instruction cycle with appropriate diagram. [16]
2. Explain about single threaded and multi threaded process models with
suitable diagrams. [16]
3. Give short note about the following : (a) Binary Semaphores. (b) Bounded Waiting. [8+8]
4. Explain about protection technique of critical section in LINUX. [16]
5. Explain any two techniques for structuring the page table. Discuss
with suitable examples. [16]
6. Suppose the head of a moving-head disk with 200 tracks, numbered 0
to 199, is currently servingarequest attrack143 andhasjust finished arequest
attrack125. If the queue of requests is kept in FIFO order: 86, 147, 91, 177, 94,
150, 102, 175, 130. What is the total head movement to satisfy these requests for the
following disk scheduling algorithms. (a) FCFS (b) Random (c) PRI (d) SCAN (e) SSTF (f) C-SCAN [16]
7. Explain various techniques implemented for free space management,
discuss with suitable examples. [16]
8. (a) Explain the flaws in one-way encryption of password strategy. (b) Write a briefnote on intrusion detection. [8+8] .....
1. Explain about the various memories hierarchy. [16]
2. What is a process? Explain different process states. [16]
3. Explain the solution for the critical section problem for multiple
processes. [16]
4. Explain the following LINUX Kernel concurrency mechanisms (a) Atomic Integer Operations (b) Atomic BitmapOperations. [16]
5. (a) Explain Paging hardware with translation look-aside buffer. (b) How memory protection can be accomplished in a paged environment?
Explain. [8+8]
6.
Whatisthedifferencebetweenpreemptiveandnonpreemptivescheduling?Explain an algorithm for each scheduling type. [16]
7. (a) What aretherequirementsforaninteractive,generalpurpose
filemanagement system. (b) Discuss the elements of file management. [8+8]
8. (a) Give the classification of intruders. Explain each class. (b) Comparison User-Orientedaccess control with data-oriented access
control. [8+8] .....
1. What are the various objectives and functions of Operating Systems? [16]
2. What is a process? Explain different process states. [16]
3. What the design characteristics of Message Systems are of inter
process communication and synchronization? [16]
4. Explain the following LINUX Kernel concurrency mechanisms (a) Atomic Integer Operations (b) Atomic BitmapOperations. [16]
5. Explain segmentation scheme for memory management. Give the
segmentation hardware. [16]
6. (a) Discuss about N-step-SCAN policy for disk scheduling. (b) Explain how double buffering improves the performance than a single
buffer forI/O. (c) Differentiate between logical I/O and device I/O. [6+5+5]
7. (a) Discuss the objectives for file management systems. (b) Explain the file system Architecture. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain the various password selection strategies. (b) Discuss about UNIX passwordscheme. [8+8] .....
DATABASE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM QUESTION PAPERS
II B.Tech II Semester Supplimentary Examinations,
Apr/May 2008
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
Set No. 1
1. (a) Explain the drawbacks of traditional file processing systems with examples.(b) Explain the three levels of data abstraction. [7+9]
2. (a) What is a view? Explain the a views in SQL?(b) Explain nested queries with example in SQL ? [8+8]
3. (a) Which of the three basic file organizations would you choose for a file wherethe most frequent operations are as follows,i.Search for records based on a range of field values.ii. Perform insert and scans where the order of records does not matter.iii. Search for a record based on a particular field value.(b) Define dense index.(c) How does multi level indexing improve the performance of searching an indexfile[6+4+6]
4. (a) Explain about projection based on sorting.(b) Explain about projection based on hashing. [8+8]
5. (a) What is indexing ? Explain with an example.(b) Explain about query processing. [8+8]
6. (a) Explain functional dependencies and multivalued dependencies with examples.(b) Consider the relation R(A,B,C,D,E,F) and FD’sA ! BC F ! AC ! AD ! E E ! Dis the decomposition of R into R1 (A,C,D), R2 (B,C,D) and R3 (E,F,D) lossless? Explain the requirement of loss less decomposition. [8+8]
7. (a) Define the concept of a schedule for a set of concurrent transactions. Give asuitable example.(b) Explain how does granularity of locking affect the performance of concurrencycontrol algorithm. [8+8]
8. Explain WAL Protocol, UNDO algorithm, Check pointing and Media Recovery?[16]
Set No. 2
1. Write short notes on:(a) Key constraints(b) General constraints(c) Relational calculus. [6+5+5]
2. (a) What is a view? Explain the a views in SQL?(b) Explain nested queries with example in SQL ? [8+8]
3. (a) Explain the limitations of static hashing. Explain how this is overcome indynamic hashing.(b) Write a note on indexed sequential files. [10+6]
4. (a) Consider the following SQL query for a bank databaseSelectT.branch − nameFrombranchT, branchSwhereT.Assets ¿ S.assetsandS.branch − city = ”HY DERABAD′′Write an efficient relational algebra expression that is equivalent to the query.(b) Define query optimization and at what point during query processing doesoptimization occur? [8+8]
5. (a) What is indexing ? Explain with an example.(b) Explain about query processing. [8+8]
6. (a) Let R=(A,B,C,D,E) and letMbe the following set of multivalued dependenciesA− >> BCB− >> CDE− >> ADList the nontrivial dependencies in M+(b) Describe the properties of normalized and unnormalized relations. [10+6]
7. (a) Explain the concept of transaction atomicity.(b) How does the two phase locking protocol ensures serializability? [6+10]
8. Explain in detail the ARIES recovery method. [16]
Set No. 3
1. (a) What is DBMS? Explain the advantages of DBMS. [2+5=7](b) What is a data model? Explain the relational data model. [3+6=9]
2. (a) Give the various methods of managing data security.(b) Describe the “dynamic SQL”. [8+8]
3. Discuss the difference between index sequential and hashed file organizations. Com-pare their storage and access efficiencies. List the applications where each of thefile organization is suitable. [16]
4. (a) Consider the following SQL query for a bank databaseSelectT.branch − nameFrombranchT, branchSwhereT.Assets ¿ S.assetsandS.branch − city = ”HY DERABAD′′Write an efficient relational algebra expression that is equivalent to the query.(b) Define query optimization and at what point during query processing doesoptimization occur? [8+8]
5. Show that the following equivalences hold and explain how they can be applied toimprove the efficiency of certain updates.(a) (r1 [ r2) [ r3 = r1 [ (r2 [ r3)(b) r1 [ r2 = r2 = r2 [ r3(c) σp(r1 − r2) = σp(r1) − σp(r2) [5+4+7]
6. (a) List the three design goals for relational database and explain why they aredesirable.(b) Consider the relation scheme Emp Dept( Ename, SSN, Bdate, Address, Dnum-ber, Dname, DMGRSSN) and the following set of FD’sF={ SSN− > Ename,Bdate, Address, DnumberDnumber− > Dname, DMGRSSN}Calculate the closer {SSN}+ and {Dnumber}+ with respect to F. [6+10]
7. (a) What information does the dirty page table and transaction table contain?(b) Give a short notes on recovery from deadlock. [6+10]
8.Describe the shadow paging recovery technique. Under what circumstances does itnot require a log. [16]
Set No. 3
1. (a) What is a Data model ? List the important data models [8](b) Explaini. DDLii. DMLiii. Data sublanguageiv. Host language [2+2+2+2]
2. (a) Discuss the various DDL, DML commands with illustrations in SQL.(b) Why are null values not preferred in a relation? [12+4]
3. Give algorithms for inserting a new key into a B-tree [16]
4. (a) Discuss about cost based optimization.(b) Give a detailed account of heuristic optimization. [8+8]
5. (a) Discuss the reasons for converting SQL queries into relational algebra queriesbefore optimization is done.(b) What is meant by query execution plan? Explain its significance. [10+6]
6. (a) Explain the functional dependencies and multi valued dependencies with ex-amples.(b) What is normalization? Discuss the 1NF,2NF, and 3NF Normal forms withexamples. [8+8]
7. (a) Explain timestamp ordering with an algorithm.(b) Explain different locking Techniques for concurrency control. [8+8]
8. (a) When a system recovers from a crash ? In what order must transaction beUndone and Redone? Why is this order important?(b) What is a log in the content of DBMS? How does check pointing eliminatesome of the problems associated with log based recovery? [8+8]
Apr/May 2008
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
Set No. 1
1. (a) Explain the drawbacks of traditional file processing systems with examples.(b) Explain the three levels of data abstraction. [7+9]
2. (a) What is a view? Explain the a views in SQL?(b) Explain nested queries with example in SQL ? [8+8]
3. (a) Which of the three basic file organizations would you choose for a file wherethe most frequent operations are as follows,i.Search for records based on a range of field values.ii. Perform insert and scans where the order of records does not matter.iii. Search for a record based on a particular field value.(b) Define dense index.(c) How does multi level indexing improve the performance of searching an indexfile[6+4+6]
4. (a) Explain about projection based on sorting.(b) Explain about projection based on hashing. [8+8]
5. (a) What is indexing ? Explain with an example.(b) Explain about query processing. [8+8]
6. (a) Explain functional dependencies and multivalued dependencies with examples.(b) Consider the relation R(A,B,C,D,E,F) and FD’sA ! BC F ! AC ! AD ! E E ! Dis the decomposition of R into R1 (A,C,D), R2 (B,C,D) and R3 (E,F,D) lossless? Explain the requirement of loss less decomposition. [8+8]
7. (a) Define the concept of a schedule for a set of concurrent transactions. Give asuitable example.(b) Explain how does granularity of locking affect the performance of concurrencycontrol algorithm. [8+8]
8. Explain WAL Protocol, UNDO algorithm, Check pointing and Media Recovery?[16]
Set No. 2
1. Write short notes on:(a) Key constraints(b) General constraints(c) Relational calculus. [6+5+5]
2. (a) What is a view? Explain the a views in SQL?(b) Explain nested queries with example in SQL ? [8+8]
3. (a) Explain the limitations of static hashing. Explain how this is overcome indynamic hashing.(b) Write a note on indexed sequential files. [10+6]
4. (a) Consider the following SQL query for a bank databaseSelectT.branch − nameFrombranchT, branchSwhereT.Assets ¿ S.assetsandS.branch − city = ”HY DERABAD′′Write an efficient relational algebra expression that is equivalent to the query.(b) Define query optimization and at what point during query processing doesoptimization occur? [8+8]
5. (a) What is indexing ? Explain with an example.(b) Explain about query processing. [8+8]
6. (a) Let R=(A,B,C,D,E) and letMbe the following set of multivalued dependenciesA− >> BCB− >> CDE− >> ADList the nontrivial dependencies in M+(b) Describe the properties of normalized and unnormalized relations. [10+6]
7. (a) Explain the concept of transaction atomicity.(b) How does the two phase locking protocol ensures serializability? [6+10]
8. Explain in detail the ARIES recovery method. [16]
Set No. 3
1. (a) What is DBMS? Explain the advantages of DBMS. [2+5=7](b) What is a data model? Explain the relational data model. [3+6=9]
2. (a) Give the various methods of managing data security.(b) Describe the “dynamic SQL”. [8+8]
3. Discuss the difference between index sequential and hashed file organizations. Com-pare their storage and access efficiencies. List the applications where each of thefile organization is suitable. [16]
4. (a) Consider the following SQL query for a bank databaseSelectT.branch − nameFrombranchT, branchSwhereT.Assets ¿ S.assetsandS.branch − city = ”HY DERABAD′′Write an efficient relational algebra expression that is equivalent to the query.(b) Define query optimization and at what point during query processing doesoptimization occur? [8+8]
5. Show that the following equivalences hold and explain how they can be applied toimprove the efficiency of certain updates.(a) (r1 [ r2) [ r3 = r1 [ (r2 [ r3)(b) r1 [ r2 = r2 = r2 [ r3(c) σp(r1 − r2) = σp(r1) − σp(r2) [5+4+7]
6. (a) List the three design goals for relational database and explain why they aredesirable.(b) Consider the relation scheme Emp Dept( Ename, SSN, Bdate, Address, Dnum-ber, Dname, DMGRSSN) and the following set of FD’sF={ SSN− > Ename,Bdate, Address, DnumberDnumber− > Dname, DMGRSSN}Calculate the closer {SSN}+ and {Dnumber}+ with respect to F. [6+10]
7. (a) What information does the dirty page table and transaction table contain?(b) Give a short notes on recovery from deadlock. [6+10]
8.Describe the shadow paging recovery technique. Under what circumstances does itnot require a log. [16]
Set No. 3
1. (a) What is a Data model ? List the important data models [8](b) Explaini. DDLii. DMLiii. Data sublanguageiv. Host language [2+2+2+2]
2. (a) Discuss the various DDL, DML commands with illustrations in SQL.(b) Why are null values not preferred in a relation? [12+4]
3. Give algorithms for inserting a new key into a B-tree [16]
4. (a) Discuss about cost based optimization.(b) Give a detailed account of heuristic optimization. [8+8]
5. (a) Discuss the reasons for converting SQL queries into relational algebra queriesbefore optimization is done.(b) What is meant by query execution plan? Explain its significance. [10+6]
6. (a) Explain the functional dependencies and multi valued dependencies with ex-amples.(b) What is normalization? Discuss the 1NF,2NF, and 3NF Normal forms withexamples. [8+8]
7. (a) Explain timestamp ordering with an algorithm.(b) Explain different locking Techniques for concurrency control. [8+8]
8. (a) When a system recovers from a crash ? In what order must transaction beUndone and Redone? Why is this order important?(b) What is a log in the content of DBMS? How does check pointing eliminatesome of the problems associated with log based recovery? [8+8]
Tuesday, February 24, 2009
ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES QUESTIONS
1. (a) Write a note on the importance of education on environmental issues and concerns. '
(b) Describe the multidisciplinarynature of environmental studies. [8+8]
2. Explain the resources from following sources on which man depends and explain briefly.
(a) Atmosphere (b) Hydrosphere (c) Lithosphere [6+5+5]
3. (a) What is a grassland ecosystem and what are the activities in grasslands ?
(b) Whatactivitiesof manlead tothedestructionofgrasslandsandwhat arethe consequences of this? [8+8]
4. Discuss any two:
(a) Productive value of Nature.
(b) Aesthetic value of Nature
(c) Optional value of Nature [16]
5. (a) Oceans are ultimate sink for most of the waste we produce. Explain.
(b) List off shore sources of Marine Pollution.
(c) Explain the effects of oil pollution on the ocean. [8+4+4]
6. (a) Define watershed management and explain its objectives.
(b) Discuss various water conservation techniques that can be practiced by individuals. [8+8] 7. (a) Thoughpopulationgrowthshowsaglobaldecline,thereisstillcauseforworry. Explain why.
(b) Whatarethereasonsfor differencesintherateofpopulationgrowthinvarious countries. [8+8] 8. (a) Explaintheaspectstobestudied andtheprocedureforcollecting information when you want to document the environmental features and resource assets of a water resoure ecosystem during a field visit.
(b) Describe, in the format given above, the features ofany such ecosystem you have studied during field visit. [8+8] .....
1. (a) Define “Environmental Studies”?
(b) Explain the components and scope of Environmentalstudies. [4+12]
2. (a) Explain the problems created by construction of large dams for irrigation and power generation .
(b) State briefly the components ofcomprehensive water management strategy . [8+8]
3. (a) Define ecosystem and list components of an ecosystem.
(b) Briefly explain the manner in whichecosystems are destroyed by human activites. [10+6] 4. (a) Write a brief note on biodiversity and ecosystem diversity.
(b) Explain the evolution of diverse species in an ecosystem. [16]
5. (a) Listthewastesthat areprohibitedfromprocessingalongwith municipal solid waste. Discuss. (b) Briefly describe the methods of heating and disposalof solid waste. [8+8]
6. (a) What are the major issues associated with resettlement and rehabilitation?
(b) Bring out the main elements ofwater conservation. [8+8]
7. Explainthepush andpullfactorswhichlead tomigrationfromrural areasto urban centers. [16]
8. What are the problems encountered in the disposal of solid waste from various sources. Describe the outcome of poor management of solid waste, illustrating your answer with any case-study. [16] .....
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. Write a detailed note on the various institutions and organizations in the field of ?preservation of wildlife and knowledge of natural history. [16]
2. (a) Discuss in detail the water cycle.
(b) Write about sustainable water management. [8+8]
3. (a) Define ecosystem and list components of an ecosystem.
(b) Briefly explain the manner in whichecosystems are destroyed by human activites. [10+6] 4. Discuss the aesthetic value of nature with respect to the following statements.
(a) A true wilderness experience is an incredible learning experience.
(b) The beauty of nature encompasses every aspect of the living and non-living part of our earth. [8+8]
5. (a) Oceans are ultimate sink for most of the waste we produce. Explain.
(b) List off shore sources of Marine Pollution.
(c) Explain the effects of oil pollution on the ocean. [8+4+4]
6. (a) Define watershed management and explain its objectives.
(b) Discuss various water conservation techniques that can be practiced by individuals. [8+8]
7. Write briefly about the steps that need to be taken as part of an overall plan for achieving global population stabilization. [16]
8. Explain the reasons for pollution of different types (water, air ,noise) that you have encountered in any region. Describe the problems created and suggest some remedial measures for the same. [8+8] .....
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Write a note on the importance of education on environmental issues and concerns.
(b) Describe the multidisciplinarynature of environmental studies. [8+8]
2. (a) What do you understand by biotic and a biotic parts of nature?
(b) Explain the interaction and interdependencyof these. [6+10]
3. (a) Explain the concept of food chain, food web and ecological pyramid.
(b)Explainthewatercycleandwhataretheproblemsthat arisewithdisturbances to the water cycle? [10+6]
4. Discuss the aesthetic value of nature with respect to the following statements.
(a) A true wilderness experience is an incredible learning experience.
(b) The beauty of nature encompasses every aspect of the living and non-living part of our earth. [8+8]
5. (a) Oceans are ultimate sink for most of the waste we produce. Explain.
(b) List off shore sources of Marine Pollution. (c) Explain the effects of oil pollution on the ocean. [8+4+4]
6. (a) What are the major causes of nuclear hazards and accidents.
(b) Discuss the ways to minimize radiation exposure in case ofa nuclear accident. [8+8]
7. (a) Tuberculosis is one the environmentally related contagious diseases. Write briefly about the effects of this disease.
(b) What is the extent ofspread of this disease in various parts of the globe? [6+10] '
8. (a) Explainthestepby stepproceduretorecord anddocumenttheenvironmental features and resource assets of an ecosystem during a field visit. 1 of2
(b) Describe, intheformatgivenabove,thefeaturesofany typeof any ecosystem you have studied during field visit. [8+8] .....
(b) Describe the multidisciplinarynature of environmental studies. [8+8]
2. Explain the resources from following sources on which man depends and explain briefly.
(a) Atmosphere (b) Hydrosphere (c) Lithosphere [6+5+5]
3. (a) What is a grassland ecosystem and what are the activities in grasslands ?
(b) Whatactivitiesof manlead tothedestructionofgrasslandsandwhat arethe consequences of this? [8+8]
4. Discuss any two:
(a) Productive value of Nature.
(b) Aesthetic value of Nature
(c) Optional value of Nature [16]
5. (a) Oceans are ultimate sink for most of the waste we produce. Explain.
(b) List off shore sources of Marine Pollution.
(c) Explain the effects of oil pollution on the ocean. [8+4+4]
6. (a) Define watershed management and explain its objectives.
(b) Discuss various water conservation techniques that can be practiced by individuals. [8+8] 7. (a) Thoughpopulationgrowthshowsaglobaldecline,thereisstillcauseforworry. Explain why.
(b) Whatarethereasonsfor differencesintherateofpopulationgrowthinvarious countries. [8+8] 8. (a) Explaintheaspectstobestudied andtheprocedureforcollecting information when you want to document the environmental features and resource assets of a water resoure ecosystem during a field visit.
(b) Describe, in the format given above, the features ofany such ecosystem you have studied during field visit. [8+8] .....
1. (a) Define “Environmental Studies”?
(b) Explain the components and scope of Environmentalstudies. [4+12]
2. (a) Explain the problems created by construction of large dams for irrigation and power generation .
(b) State briefly the components ofcomprehensive water management strategy . [8+8]
3. (a) Define ecosystem and list components of an ecosystem.
(b) Briefly explain the manner in whichecosystems are destroyed by human activites. [10+6] 4. (a) Write a brief note on biodiversity and ecosystem diversity.
(b) Explain the evolution of diverse species in an ecosystem. [16]
5. (a) Listthewastesthat areprohibitedfromprocessingalongwith municipal solid waste. Discuss. (b) Briefly describe the methods of heating and disposalof solid waste. [8+8]
6. (a) What are the major issues associated with resettlement and rehabilitation?
(b) Bring out the main elements ofwater conservation. [8+8]
7. Explainthepush andpullfactorswhichlead tomigrationfromrural areasto urban centers. [16]
8. What are the problems encountered in the disposal of solid waste from various sources. Describe the outcome of poor management of solid waste, illustrating your answer with any case-study. [16] .....
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. Write a detailed note on the various institutions and organizations in the field of ?preservation of wildlife and knowledge of natural history. [16]
2. (a) Discuss in detail the water cycle.
(b) Write about sustainable water management. [8+8]
3. (a) Define ecosystem and list components of an ecosystem.
(b) Briefly explain the manner in whichecosystems are destroyed by human activites. [10+6] 4. Discuss the aesthetic value of nature with respect to the following statements.
(a) A true wilderness experience is an incredible learning experience.
(b) The beauty of nature encompasses every aspect of the living and non-living part of our earth. [8+8]
5. (a) Oceans are ultimate sink for most of the waste we produce. Explain.
(b) List off shore sources of Marine Pollution.
(c) Explain the effects of oil pollution on the ocean. [8+4+4]
6. (a) Define watershed management and explain its objectives.
(b) Discuss various water conservation techniques that can be practiced by individuals. [8+8]
7. Write briefly about the steps that need to be taken as part of an overall plan for achieving global population stabilization. [16]
8. Explain the reasons for pollution of different types (water, air ,noise) that you have encountered in any region. Describe the problems created and suggest some remedial measures for the same. [8+8] .....
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Write a note on the importance of education on environmental issues and concerns.
(b) Describe the multidisciplinarynature of environmental studies. [8+8]
2. (a) What do you understand by biotic and a biotic parts of nature?
(b) Explain the interaction and interdependencyof these. [6+10]
3. (a) Explain the concept of food chain, food web and ecological pyramid.
(b)Explainthewatercycleandwhataretheproblemsthat arisewithdisturbances to the water cycle? [10+6]
4. Discuss the aesthetic value of nature with respect to the following statements.
(a) A true wilderness experience is an incredible learning experience.
(b) The beauty of nature encompasses every aspect of the living and non-living part of our earth. [8+8]
5. (a) Oceans are ultimate sink for most of the waste we produce. Explain.
(b) List off shore sources of Marine Pollution. (c) Explain the effects of oil pollution on the ocean. [8+4+4]
6. (a) What are the major causes of nuclear hazards and accidents.
(b) Discuss the ways to minimize radiation exposure in case ofa nuclear accident. [8+8]
7. (a) Tuberculosis is one the environmentally related contagious diseases. Write briefly about the effects of this disease.
(b) What is the extent ofspread of this disease in various parts of the globe? [6+10] '
8. (a) Explainthestepby stepproceduretorecord anddocumenttheenvironmental features and resource assets of an ecosystem during a field visit. 1 of2
(b) Describe, intheformatgivenabove,thefeaturesofany typeof any ecosystem you have studied during field visit. [8+8] .....
SOFTWARE ENGINEERING QUESTION PAPERS
Code No: R05220501 Set No. 1
II B.Tech II Sem Apr/May2008SOFTWAREENGINEERING
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. Elaborate on evolution of software. [16]
2. (a) Differentiate between prototyping and incremental models.
(b) Explain the unifiedapproach to software development. Discuss the merits and demerits of this approach.[6+6+4]
3. Discuss about principal requirements engineering activities and their relationships. [16]
4. (a) Define and explain about coupling and cohesion. Also differentiate between them. (b) Discuss the statement, “Abstraction and refinement are complementaryconcepts”. [5+3+8]
5. (a) WhatismeantbyUserInterface? What arethethreeareasthat userinterface design focuses? Explain them.
(b) Discuss the importance ofuser interface design? [10+6]
6. (a) The software analysis and design are constructive tasks, and software testing is considered to be destructive from the point of view of developer. Discuss.
(b) Who will test the software, either developer or an independent test group? Discuss the advantage and draw backs of each one. [8+8]
7. (a) Computethefunctionpoint valueforaproject with thefollowing information domain characteristics. Number of external inputs: 32 Number of external outputs: 60 Number of external inquires: 24 Number of external interface files: 2 Number of internal logical files: 8 Assume that all complexity adjustment values are average.
(b) What is an indirectmeasure? And how are such measures common in software metrics work? [8+8]
8. (a) What is meant by FTR? Discuss about review reporting and record keeping.
(b) State and explain the guidelines for formaltechnical reviews. [8+8] 1 of2
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations,
Apr/May 2008SOFTWAREENGINEERING
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. Give a generic view of Software Engineering. [16]
2. Discuss various evolutionary software process models in detail. [16]
3. Discuss an example of a type of system where social and political factors might strongly influence the system requirements. Explain why these factors are important in your example. [16]
4. (a) Define and explain abstraction and refinement. Also differentiate between them. (b) What is refactoring? Whyis it done? [4+4+3+5]
5. (a) What is a state machine model? Discuss with an example. (b) What is Object interface specification? Write a Java description of weather station interface. [8+8]
6. (a) Discuss about Security testing and Performance testing. (b) State and explain various debugging tactics. (c) What arethequestionsthat every softwareengineershouldaskbefore making the “Correction” that remove the cause of a bug? [6+4+6]
7. (a) Discuss about software tools for project and process metrics. (b) Discuss anyfour useful indicators for software quality. [8+8]
8. (a) Is it possible asses the quality of software if the customer keeps changing? What it is supposed to do? (b) Can a program be correct and still not exhibit good quality? Explain. [8+8] .....
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations,
Apr/May 2008SOFTWAREENGINEERING
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Explain the five software assessment principles. (b) Discuss about various phases ofassessment. [6+10]
2. (a) What is water fall model? How is it different from other engineering process models? (b) Explain various types ofevolutionary development. [5+5+6]
3. (a) Why requirements review is conducted? Discuss various types of it.
(b) What is requirements management? Whyis it needed? [8+8]
4. (a) Define interface. Discuss various types of interfaces. Give examples for each.
(b) What is component? Also explain about component diagrams.[3+3+3+3+4]
5. (a) State the design principles suggested by Mayer for OOD.
(b) OODtends to be programming language dependent. Why? [8+8]
6. (a) List some of the problems that might be associated with the creation of an independenttestgroup.
(b) Whyis a highly coupled module is difficult to unit test? [8+8]
7. (a) Discussthesevenprinciplesof risk management which were identifiedbySEI.
(b) Distinguish between generic risks and product specific risks. [10+6]
8. AFormalTechnicalReview(FTR) effectiveonly ifevery one has prepared inadvance. How do you recognize a review participant who has not prepared? What do you do if you are the review leader? [16] .....
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations,
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Explain the five software assessment principles.
(b) Discuss about various phases ofassessment. [6+10]
2. (a) What is water fall model? How is it different from other engineering process models?
(b) Explain various types ofevolutionary development. [5+5+6]
3. UsingyourownknowledgeofhowanATMis used,develop asetof use-casesthat could be used to derive the requirements for an ATM system. [16]
4. (a) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of modularization.
(b) Whyshould not we over modularize? How would you decompose a software solutiontoobtainthebestsetof modules. [8+3+5]
5. Draw a sequence diagram showing the interactions of objects in a group diary system when a group of people arrange a meeting. [16]
6. (a) What is the overall strategy for software testing? Explain it clearly.
(b) Discuss a testing strategyfor Object-Oriented architectures. [10+6]
7. (a) Explain the size-oriented metrics with an example.
(b) Discuss about Function-orientedmetrics. [8+8]
8. What is meant by SQA? Discuss in detail SQA activities. [16] ...
II B.Tech II Sem Apr/May2008SOFTWAREENGINEERING
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. Elaborate on evolution of software. [16]
2. (a) Differentiate between prototyping and incremental models.
(b) Explain the unifiedapproach to software development. Discuss the merits and demerits of this approach.[6+6+4]
3. Discuss about principal requirements engineering activities and their relationships. [16]
4. (a) Define and explain about coupling and cohesion. Also differentiate between them. (b) Discuss the statement, “Abstraction and refinement are complementaryconcepts”. [5+3+8]
5. (a) WhatismeantbyUserInterface? What arethethreeareasthat userinterface design focuses? Explain them.
(b) Discuss the importance ofuser interface design? [10+6]
6. (a) The software analysis and design are constructive tasks, and software testing is considered to be destructive from the point of view of developer. Discuss.
(b) Who will test the software, either developer or an independent test group? Discuss the advantage and draw backs of each one. [8+8]
7. (a) Computethefunctionpoint valueforaproject with thefollowing information domain characteristics. Number of external inputs: 32 Number of external outputs: 60 Number of external inquires: 24 Number of external interface files: 2 Number of internal logical files: 8 Assume that all complexity adjustment values are average.
(b) What is an indirectmeasure? And how are such measures common in software metrics work? [8+8]
8. (a) What is meant by FTR? Discuss about review reporting and record keeping.
(b) State and explain the guidelines for formaltechnical reviews. [8+8] 1 of2
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations,
Apr/May 2008SOFTWAREENGINEERING
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. Give a generic view of Software Engineering. [16]
2. Discuss various evolutionary software process models in detail. [16]
3. Discuss an example of a type of system where social and political factors might strongly influence the system requirements. Explain why these factors are important in your example. [16]
4. (a) Define and explain abstraction and refinement. Also differentiate between them. (b) What is refactoring? Whyis it done? [4+4+3+5]
5. (a) What is a state machine model? Discuss with an example. (b) What is Object interface specification? Write a Java description of weather station interface. [8+8]
6. (a) Discuss about Security testing and Performance testing. (b) State and explain various debugging tactics. (c) What arethequestionsthat every softwareengineershouldaskbefore making the “Correction” that remove the cause of a bug? [6+4+6]
7. (a) Discuss about software tools for project and process metrics. (b) Discuss anyfour useful indicators for software quality. [8+8]
8. (a) Is it possible asses the quality of software if the customer keeps changing? What it is supposed to do? (b) Can a program be correct and still not exhibit good quality? Explain. [8+8] .....
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations,
Apr/May 2008SOFTWAREENGINEERING
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Explain the five software assessment principles. (b) Discuss about various phases ofassessment. [6+10]
2. (a) What is water fall model? How is it different from other engineering process models? (b) Explain various types ofevolutionary development. [5+5+6]
3. (a) Why requirements review is conducted? Discuss various types of it.
(b) What is requirements management? Whyis it needed? [8+8]
4. (a) Define interface. Discuss various types of interfaces. Give examples for each.
(b) What is component? Also explain about component diagrams.[3+3+3+3+4]
5. (a) State the design principles suggested by Mayer for OOD.
(b) OODtends to be programming language dependent. Why? [8+8]
6. (a) List some of the problems that might be associated with the creation of an independenttestgroup.
(b) Whyis a highly coupled module is difficult to unit test? [8+8]
7. (a) Discussthesevenprinciplesof risk management which were identifiedbySEI.
(b) Distinguish between generic risks and product specific risks. [10+6]
8. AFormalTechnicalReview(FTR) effectiveonly ifevery one has prepared inadvance. How do you recognize a review participant who has not prepared? What do you do if you are the review leader? [16] .....
II B.Tech II Semester Regular Examinations,
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
1. (a) Explain the five software assessment principles.
(b) Discuss about various phases ofassessment. [6+10]
2. (a) What is water fall model? How is it different from other engineering process models?
(b) Explain various types ofevolutionary development. [5+5+6]
3. UsingyourownknowledgeofhowanATMis used,develop asetof use-casesthat could be used to derive the requirements for an ATM system. [16]
4. (a) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of modularization.
(b) Whyshould not we over modularize? How would you decompose a software solutiontoobtainthebestsetof modules. [8+3+5]
5. Draw a sequence diagram showing the interactions of objects in a group diary system when a group of people arrange a meeting. [16]
6. (a) What is the overall strategy for software testing? Explain it clearly.
(b) Discuss a testing strategyfor Object-Oriented architectures. [10+6]
7. (a) Explain the size-oriented metrics with an example.
(b) Discuss about Function-orientedmetrics. [8+8]
8. What is meant by SQA? Discuss in detail SQA activities. [16] ...
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